sanction

中文： 批准、同意、认可、制裁

1. An approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid. (countable, uncountable) · The whalers had been operating in the contested waters off the island with sanction from the Japanese government.
2. A penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body. (countable, uncountable) · The United States enacted a new round of sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa.
3. A law, treaty, or contract, or a clause within a law, treaty, or contract, specifying any of the above. (countable, uncountable)

复数 sanctions